Reducing Perceived Waiting Time with Peripheral Visual Motion: Directional and Device-Specific Effects
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December 01, 25
スライド概要
Waiting times during digital interactions such as application launches or web content loading can negatively impact user experience. Although progress bars are commonly used to mitigate this effect, their visual design typically engages only the central field of vision. This study investigates how peripheral visual stimuli presented alongside progress bars influence users’ perception of time. A preliminary experiment was conducted to identify effective motion
patterns for peripheral stimuli. A subsequent large-scale crowdsourced experiment revealed that stimuli moving in the same direction as the progress bar, especially those with intermittent motion, significantly reduced perceived waiting time. Furthermore, a followup lab-based study compared the effects across device types and found that horizontal peripheral stimuli were more effective on PC displays, while vertical stimuli had greater impact on smartphones. These findings suggest that peripheral visual information can modulate perceived waiting time and offer actionable insights
for designing user interfaces that improve the experience of waiting across different platforms.
明治大学 総合数理学部 先端メディアサイエンス学科 中村聡史研究室
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Reducing Perceived Waiting Time with Peripheral Visual Motion: Directional and Device-Specific Effects Kenjiro Ogawa Satoshi Nakamura Shota Yamanaka Ryota Nakamura Meiji University 1
Contributions l Clarifying how motion direction and intermittency affect perceived waiting time (Experiment 1) l Revealing that horizontal stimuli are more effective on PCs, while vertical stimuli are more effective on smartphones (Experiment 2) 2
Waiting Time in the Use of Digital Devices l When using PCs or smartphones, users encounter various kinds of waiting time. • It is important to make even short waiting time feel shorter in order to improve the overall user experience. A common way to make waiting time feel shorter is to present users with visual feedback, such as progress bars. 3
Characteristics of Peripheral Vision l Human vision can be broadly divided into central vision and peripheral vision [Strasburger+ 2011] Central vision : detailed recognition of the object being fixated Peripheral vision : automatic recognition of the overall scene or motion outside the focal area We combine progress bars with peripheral motion to make perceived waiting time feel even shorter, without extra attention from users. Hans Strasburger, Ingo Rentschler, and Martin Jüttner. 2011. Peripheral vision and pattern recognition: A review. Journal of vision 11, 5 (2011), 1–82. 4
Objective To more effectively shorten perceived waiting time by combining peripheral visual stimuli with feedback that targets central vision, such as progress bars 5
Overview of the Experimentals Experiment 1 Crowdsourcing Experiment Experiment 2 Lab Experiment. PC vs. Smartphone 6
Experiment 1 Investigated which visual stimuli are effective in shortening perceived waiting time and whether the direction of peripheral visual stimuli affects perceived waiting time. l Time conditions : 5 - 12 (s) no̲stimulate rotate̲balls wave slide̲balls wave̲reverse 7
Experiment 1 - Participants l Participants Participants were recruited through Yahoo! Crowdsourcing (YCS), an online crowdsourcing platform widely used in Japan. Distributed the task to 300 male and 300 female participants. After excluding 107 participants who gave inappropriate responses, we obtained data from 398 participants (203 males and 195 females). 8
Experiment 1 - Results ◎Good slide̲balls Shortened wave Lengthened wave̲reverse Visual stimuli moving in the same direction as the progress bar tend to shorten perceived waiting time, whereas stimuli moving in the opposite direction tend to make it feel longer. 9
Experiment 2 Compared how peripheral visual stimuli affect the perception of time on PC and smartphone. l Time conditions : 5 - 12 (s) l Participants : N = 30 PC screen Smartphone screen no stimulus rightward/leftward upward/downward clockwise/counterclockwise 10
Experiment 2 - Results In no stimulus condition... no difference When no visual stimulus is presented, the type of device does not seem to have an effect. 11
Experiment 2 - Results the percentage change in perceived waiting time compared with the no-stimulus condition rightward leftward upward downward clockwise counter clockwise average PC Smartphone PC ◎horizontally oriented stimulus conditions Smartphone ◎vertically oriented stimulus conditions Visual stimuli aligned with the shape or orientation of the device may be more effective. 12
General Discussion l From the results of the two experiments, it is suggested that presenting visual stimuli around the progress bar is effective in shortening perceived waiting time. l By incorporating peripheral visual motion into the UI while considering the shape/orientation of the device, it is possible to improve the user experience. l It is necessary to recognize that this study includes several limitations (e.g., unverified gaze direction, unverified viewing distance, and possible behavioral biases). 13
Take-home Message from Our Study Device-optimized peripheral stimuli (horizontal on PCs, vertical on smartphones) effectively shorten perceived time. 14